An American military officer, army surgeon, and administrator. During the Spanish-American War, he led the volunteer cavalry regiment "Rough Riders" and served as Theodore Roosevelt's superior officer. He later served as Chief of Staff of the United States Army, Military Governor of Cuba, and Governor-General of the Philippines, becoming one of the figures symbolizing American imperialism and military expansionism in the early 20th century. Before World War I, he promoted the "Preparedness Movement," leaving a major impact on the modernization of the U.S. military.

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